Low-grade fuels are those with a low calorific value per unit weight, such as peat, wood, lignite and municipal waste; consequently, they frequently emit a higher percentage of pollutant material after use than higher-grade fuels. Methods to reduce or eliminate environmental damage caused by these pollutants do exist, but are often relatively costly. This book offers specific, realistic strategies and policy options for managing these fuels with a minimum of damage to the environment.
List of Figures and Tables
Preface
Acknowledgements
Foreword
Chapter 1 : Overview
Chapter 2 : Alternative Use of Low-Grade Fuels
Chapter 3 : Global Resources and Reserves of Low-Grade Fuels
Chapter 4 : Environmental Management During the Mining of Low-Grade Fuels
Chapter 5 : Environmental Management of the Transport of Low-Grade Fuels
Chapter 6 : Environmental Management During Processing and Upgrading of Low-Grade Fuels
Chapter 7 : Environmental Management and Low-Grade Fuel Conversion
Chapter 8 : Low-Grade Fuel Use Efficiency and Conservation
Chapter 9 : The Transfer of Environmentally Sound Technology for Low-Grade Fuel Use
Chapter 10 : Costs Considerations and Low-Grade Fuel Use
Chapter 11 : Integrated Planning and Environmental Management of Low-Grade Fuels
Appendix A : Environmental Legislation for Low-Grade Fuels
Glossary
Index
