Steel Designers' Manual: The Steel Construction Institute, 6th Edition

This classic manual on structural steel design provides a major source of reference for structural engineers and fabricators working with the leading construction material. Based fully on the concepts of limit state design, the manual has been revised to take account of the 2000 revisions to BS 5950. It also looks at new developments in structural steel, environmental issues and outlines the main requirements of the Eurocode on structural steel.

Introduction to the sixth edition
Contributors
Notation

SECTION 1: DESIGN SYNTHESIS
Chapter 1 :Single-storey buildings
Range of building types
Anatomy of structure
Loading
Design of common structural forms
Chapter 2 :Multi-storey buildings
Introduction
Factors influencing choice of form
Anatomy of structure
Worked example
Chapter 3 :Industrial steelwork
Range of structures and scale of construction
Anatomy of structure
Loading
Structure in its wider context
Chapter 4 :Bridges
Introduction
Selection of span
Selection of type
Codes of practice
Traffic loading
Other actions
Steel grades
Overall stability and articulation
Initial design
Worked example
Chapter 5 :Other structural applications of steel
Towers and masts
Space frames
Cable structures
Steel in residential construction
Atria

SECTION 2: STEEL TECHNOLOGY
Chapter 6 :Applied metallurgy of steel
Introduction
Chemical composition
Heat treatment
Manufacture and effect on properties
Engineering properties and mechanical tests
Fabrication effects and service performance
Summary
Chapter 7 :Fracture and fatigue
Fracture
Linear elastic fracture mechanics
Elastic--plastic fracture mechanics
Materials testing for fracture properties
Fracture-safe design
Fatigue
Chapter 8 :Sustainability and steel construction
Introduction
Economic impacts
Social impacts
Environmental impacts
Embodied energy
Operational energy
Summary

SECTION 3: DESIGN THEORY
Chapter 9 :Introduction to manual and computer analysis
Introduction
Element analysis
Line elements
Plates
Analysis of skeletal structures
Finite element method
Chapter 10 :Beam analysis
Simply-supported beams
Propped cantilevers
Fixed, built-in or encastre beams
Continuous beams
Plastic failure of single members
Plastic failure of propped cantilevers
Chapter 11 :Plane frame analysis
Formulae for rigid frames
Portal frame analysis
Chapter 12 :Applicable dynamics
Introduction
Fundamentals of dynamic behaviour
Distributed parameter systems
Damping
Finite element analysis
Dynamic testing

SECTION 4: ELEMENT DESIGN
Chapter 13 :Local buckling and cross-section classification
Introduction
Cross-sectional dimensions and moment--rotation behaviour
Effect of moment--rotation behaviour on approach to design and analysis
Classification table
Economic factors
Chapter 14 :Tension members
Introduction
Types of tension member
Design for axial tension
Combined bending and tension
Eccentricity of end connections
Other considerations
Cables
Worked examples
Chapter 15 :Columns and struts
Introduction
Common types of member
Design considerations
Cross-sectional considerations
Compressive resistance
Torsional and flexural-torsional buckling
Effective lengths
Special types of strut
Economic points
Worked examples
Chapter 16 :Beams
Common types of beam
Cross-section classification and moment capacity, Mc
Basic design
Lateral bracing
Bracing action in bridges -- U-frame design
Design for restricted depth
Cold-formed sections as beams
Beams with web openings
Worked examples
Chapter 17 :Plate girders
Introduction
Advantages and disadvantages
Initial choice of cross-section for plate girders in buildings
Design of plate girders used in buildings to BS 5950: Part 1: 2000
Initial choice of cross-section for plate girders used in bridges
Design of steel bridges to BS 5400: Part 3
Worked examples
Chapter 18 :Members with compression and moments
Occurrence of combined loading
Types of response -- interaction
Effect of moment gradient loading
Selection of type of cross-section
Basic design procedure
Cross-section classification under compression and bending
Special design methods for members in portal frames
Worked examples
Chapter 19 :Trusses
Common types of trusses
Guidance on overall concept
Effects of load reversal: Selection of elements and connections
Guidance on methods of analysis
Detailed design considerations for elements
Factors dictating the economy of trusses
Other applications of trusses
Rigid-jointed Vierendeel girders
Worked examples
Chapter 20 :Composite deck slabs
Introduction
Deck types
Normal and lightweight concretes
Selection of floor system
Basic design
Fire resistance
Diaphragm action
Other constructional features
Worked example
Chapter 21 :Composite beams
Application of composite beams
Economy
Guidance on span-to-depth ratios
Types of shear connection
Span conditions
Analysis of composite section
Basic design
Worked examples
Chapter 22 :Composite columns
Introduction
Design of encased composite columns
Design of concrete-filled tubes
Worked example

SECTION 5: CONNECTION DESIGN
Chapter 23 :Bolts
Types of bolt
Methods of tightening and their application
Geometric considerations
Methods of analysis of bolt groups
Design strengths
Tables of strengths
Chapter 24 :Welds and design for welding
Advantages of welding
Ensuring weld quality and properties by the use of standards
Recommendations for cost reduction
Welding processes
Geometric considerations
Methods of analysis of weld groups
Design strengths
Chapter 25 :Plate and stiffener elements in connections
Dispersion of load through plates and flanges
Stiffeners
Prying forces
Plates loaded in-plane
Chapter 26 :Design of connections
Introduction
Simple connections
Moment connections
Summary
Worked examples
Chapter 27 :Foundations and holding-down systems
Foundations
Connection of the steelwork
Analysis
Holding-down systems
Worked examples

SECTION 6: OTHER ELEMENTS
Chapter 28 :Bearings and joints
Introduction
Bearings
Joints
Bearings and joints -- other considerations
Chapter 29 :Steel piles
Bearing piles
Sheet piles
Pile driving and installation
Durability
Chapter 30 :Floors and orthotropic decks
Steel plate floors
Open-grid flooring
Orthotropic decks

SECTION 7: CONSTRUCTION
Chapter 31 :Tolerances
Introduction
Standards
Implications of tolerances
Fabrication tolerances
Erection tolerances
Chapter 32 :Fabrication
Introduction
Economy of fabrication
Welding
Bolting
Cutting
Handling and routeing of steel
Quality management
Chapter 33 :Erection
Introduction
The method statement
Planning
Site practices
Site fabrication and modifications
Steel decking and shear connectors
Quality control
Cranes and craneage
Safety
Special structures
Chapter 34 :Fire protection and fire engineering
Introduction
Standards and building regulations
Structural performance in fire
Developments in fire-safe design
Methods of protection
Fire testing
Fire engineering
Chapter 35 :Corrosion and corrosion prevention
The corrosion process
Effect of the environment
Design and corrosion
Surface preparation
Metallic coatings
Paint coatings
Application of paints
Weather-resistant steels
The protective treatment specification
Chapter 36 :The Eurocodes
The Eurocodes -- background and timescales
Conformity with EN 1990 -- basis of design
EC3 Design of steel structures
EC4 Design of composite steel and concrete structures
Implications of the Eurocodes for practice in the UK
Conclusions

Appendix

Steel technology
Elastic properties of steel
European standards for structural steels

Design theory
Bending moment, shear and deflection tables for cantilevers
simply-supported beams
built-in beams
propped cantilevers
Bending moment and reaction tables for continuous beams
Influence lines for continuous beams
Second moments of area of two flanges
rectangular plates
a pair of unit areas
Geometrical properties of plane sections
Plastic modulus of two flanges
rectangles
Formulae for rigid frames

Element design
Explanatory notes on section dimensions and properties, bolts and welds
General
Dimensions of sections
Section properties
Bolts and welds
Tables of dimensions and gross section properties Universal beams
Universal columns
Joists
Universal bearing piles
Hot-finished: circular hollow sections
square hollow sections
rectangular hollow sections
Cold-formed: circular hollow sections
square hollow sections
rectangular hollow sections
Asymmetric beams
Parallel flange channels
Two parallel flange channels: laced
back to back
Equal angles
Unequal angles
Equal angles: back to back
Unequal angles: long legs back to back
Castellated universal beams
Structural tees cut from universal beams
Structural tees cut from universal columns
Extracts from BS 5950: Part 1: 2000
Deflection limits (Section two: Table 8)
Design strengths for steel (Section three: Table 9)
Limiting width-to-thickness ratios for sections other than CHS and RHS (Section three: Table 11)
Limiting width-to-thickness ratios for CHS and RHS (Section three: Table 12)
Bending strengths (Section four: Tables 16 and 17)
Strut table selection (Section four: Table 23)
Compressive strength (Section four: Table 24)

Connection design
Bolt data
Hole sizes
Bolt strengths
Spacing, end and edge distances
Maximum centres of fasteners
Maximum edge distances
Back marks in channel flanges
Back marks in angles
Cross centres through flanges
Bolt capacities
Non-preloaded ordinary bolts in S275
Non-preloaded countersunk bolts in S275
Non-preloaded HSFG bolts in S275
Preloaded HSFG bolts in S275: non-slip in service
Preloaded HSFG bolts in S275: non-slip under factored loads
Preloaded countersunk HSFG bolts in S275: non-slip in service
Preloaded countersunk HSFG bolts in S275: non-slip under factored loads
Non-preloaded ordinary bolts in S355
Non-preloaded countersunk bolts in S355
Non-preloaded HSFG bolts in S355
Preloaded HSFG bolts in S355: non-slip in service
Preloaded HSFG bolts in S355: non-slip under factored loads
Preloaded countersunk HSFG bolts in S355: non-slip in service
Preloaded countersunk HSFG bolts in S355: non-slip under factored loads
Bolt and weld groups
Bolt group moduli -- fasteners in the plane of the force
Bolt group moduli -- fasteners not in the plane of the force
Weld group moduli -- welds in the plane of the force
Capacities of fillet welds
Weld group moduli -- welds not in the plane of the force

Other elements
Sheet pile sections
Larssen sections
Frodingham sections
Box sheet piles
High modulus piles
H-piles
Floor plate design tables

Construction
Fire information sheets
Section factors for universal beams
universal columns
circular hollow sections
rectangular hollow sections
rectangular hollow sections (square)
Minimum thickness of spray protection
Basic data on corrosion

Codes and standards
British and European standards covering the design and construction of steelwork

Index