Kinetics and Thermodynamics of Fast Particles in Solids

Kinetics and Thermodynamics of Fast Particles in Solids examines the kinetics and non-equilibrium statistical thermodynamics of fast charged particles moving in crystals in different modes. It follows a line of research very different from traditional ways of constructing a theory of radiation effects, which gives a purely mechanistic interpretation of particle motion. In contrast, this book takes into account the thermodynamic forces due to separation of the thermodynamic parameters of the subsystem of particles ("hot" atoms) on the parameters of the thermostat (electrons and lattice), in addition to covering the various mechanisms of collisions.

Topics Include:

• Construction of a local kinetic equation of Boltzmann type for fast particles interacting with the conduction electrons and lattice vibrations, on the basis of the principles of Bogolyubov’s kinetic theory
• Calculation of the equilibrium energy and angular distributions of fast particles at a depth of the order of coherence length, and the evolution of particle distribution with increasing depth of penetration of the beam
• Calculation of transverse quasi-temperature of channeled particles with the heating of the beam in the process of diffusion of particles in the space of transverse energies, as well as cooling the beam through a dissipative process
• Research in the framework of non-equilibrium thermodynamics of the relaxation kinetics of random particles, including the thermodynamics of positronium atoms moving in insulators under laser irradiation
• Analysis of the kinetics of hot carriers in semiconductors and thermalization of hot carriers, as well as the calculation of the statistical distribution of ejected atoms formed during the displacement cascade

The book sets a new direction of the theory of radiation effects in solids - non-equilibrium statistical thermodynamics of fast particles—and aims to focus and aid the reader in the study of new areas of investigation in this area.

Preface

Part I : Theoretical Background and Model Presentation
Chapter 1 : Two Theoretical Disciplines: Non-Equilibrium Statistical Mechanics and Non-Equilibrium Statistical Thermodynamics
Chapter 2 : Short Description of The Non-Equilibrium System
Chapter 3 : Channeling Effect of Charged Particles

Part II : Channeling of Charged High-Energy Particles as a Stochastic Process
Chapter 4 : Markov Process With a Normal (Gaussian) Distribution
Chapter 5 : Transport Coefficients of Channeled Particles in Electron Scattering (Non-Local Theory)
Chapter 6 : Kinetic Features of Channeled Particles in The Presence of Thermal Lattice Vibrations (Local Theory)
Chapter 7 : Dechanneling
Chapter 8 : Three Modes of Motion of Fast Particles

Part III : Local Boltzmann Kinetic Equation as Applied to Plane and Axial Channeling
Chapter 9 : The Distribution Function For The Complex of a Fast Particle and R Atoms in The Crystal
Chapter 10 : The Chain of BBGKY Equations in Channeling Theory
Chapter 11 : Local Linearized Boltzmann Equation
Chapter 12 : The Equation of Local Balance of The Number of Particles in The Channeling Problem
Chapter 13 : Diagonal Element of The Matrix of Effects in Electron Scattering
Chapter 14 : Features of The Kinetic Functions as a Consequence of Locality of The Theory
Chapter 15 : Transition to The Kinetic Boltzmann Equation in The Theory of Rarefied Gases

Part IV : Two Classes of Irreversible Processes in Statistical Theory of Channeling
Chapter 16 : Phase Mixing and Dissipative Processes
Chapter 17 : Phase Mixing At Shallow Depths of Penetration (S-Contributions)
Chapter 18 : The Linear Theory of Reaction

Part V : Non-Equilibrium Statistical Thermo-Dynamics as Applied to Channeling
Chapter 19 : General View of The Statistical Operator For Non-Equilibrium Systems
Chapter 20 : Non-Equilibrium Statistical Operator in Quantum Theory of Channeling
Chapter 21 : Definitions of The Quantum Theory of Dechanneling
Chapter 22 : Fokker–Planck–Kolmogorov Finite Difference Equation
Chapter 23 : The Statistical Coefficient of Dechanneling Rate
Chapter 24 : The Rate of Release of Particles From The Channeling Regime, Taking Into Account The Spatial Separation of Directional Beam

Part VI : Non-Equilibrium Statistical Thermodynamics of Directional Particle Beams Concept of Transverse Quasi-Temperature
Chapter 25 : Formulation of The Theory Based on Expansion of The Non-Equilibrium Statistical Operator
Chapter 26 : The Energy–Momentum Balance Equation in The Comoving Coordinate System
Chapter 27 : Linearization of The Balance Equation
Chapter 28 : The Solution of The Balance Equation
Chapter 29 : The Dependence of Equilibrium Distributions on Transverse Quasi-Temperature (Axial Channel)
Chapter 30 : Determination of Magnitude of Transverse Quasi-Temperature of Channeled Particles Based on Experimental Data
Chapter 31 : Quasi-Temperature of Strongly Non-Equilibrium Systems
Chapter 32 : Comparative Analysis: Channeled Particles and The Spin Gas

Part VII : Non-Equilibrium Thermodynamics of Chaotic Particles
Chapter 33 : Relaxation Kinetics and Quasi-Temperature of Positronium Atoms
Chapter 34 : Quasi-Temperature of Subsystem of Knocked-on Atoms in Displacement Cascade

Part VIII : Statistical Thermodynamics of Light Atoms Moving With Thermal Velocity
Chapter 35 : Coefficient (Constant) of The Exit Velocity of Particles From The Potential Minimum
Chapter 36 : Coefficient (Constant) of Rate of Hydrogen Atom Discharge From Potential Minimum Due to Above-Barrier Jumps in Fcc Metal
Chapter 37 : Tunneling Transitions of Hydrogen Atoms Due to The Collapse of Local Deformation in The Bcc Lattice
Chapter 38 : Thermally Activated Tunneling in Bcc Metals
Chapter 39 : Concluding Remarks on The Migration of Hydrogen Atoms

Index