Driver Distraction and Inattention

It is estimated that, in the United States, around 20 percent of all Police-reported road crashes involve driver distraction as a contributing factor. This figure increases if other forms of inattention are considered. Evidence (reviewed in this volume) suggests that the situation is similar in other countries and that driver distraction and inattention are even more dangerous as contributing factors in crashes than drug and alcohol intoxication.

Having a solid evidence-base from which to develop injury countermeasures is a cornerstone of road-safety management. This book adds to the accumulating evidence-base on driver distraction and inattention. With 24 chapters by 52 authors from more than 10 countries, it provides important new perspectives on the definition and meaning of driver distraction and inattention, the mechanisms that characterize them, the measurement of their effects, strategies for mitigating their effects, and recommendations for further research.

The goal of this book is to inspire further research and countermeasure development to prevent and mitigate the potentially adverse effects of driver distraction and driver inattention, and, in doing so, to save lives.

List of Figures
List of Tables
About the Editors
List of Contributors
Foreword
Acknowledgements

Part I : Introduction
Chapter 1 : Introduction

Part II : Distraction and Inattention - Theory, Philosophy and Definition
Chapter 2 : Driven to Distraction and Back Again
Chapter 3 : Attention Selection and Multitasking in Everyday Driving : A Conceptual Model
Chapter 4 : Driver Distraction and Inattention : A Queuing Theory Approach
Chapter 5 : The Relationship Between Driver Distraction and Mental Workload

Part III : Visual and Attentional Processes
Chapter 6 : How is Driving-Related Attention in Driving with Visual Secondary Tasks Controlled? Evidence for Top-Down Attentional Control
Chapter 7 : Proposing a Risk Monitor Model Based on Emotions and Feelings : Exploring the Boundaries of Perception and Learning

Part IV : Distraction - Crashed and Crash Risk
Chapter 8 : Distraction and Inattention : Top Crash Causes in the USA
Chapter 9 : Driver Distraction in Commercial Motor Vehicle Operations
Chapter 10 : Driver Distraction and Inattention and their Role in Crashes and Safety-Critical Events
Chapter 11 : A Review of Epidemiological Data on the Risks of using a Telephone while Driving
Chapter 12 : Drivers Perceptions of Risk linked to Mobile Phose Use while Driving and Implications for the Design of Driver Awareness Campaigns

Part V : Distraction - Measurement
Chapter 13 : Development and Validation of an Ecological Driver Distraction Evaluation Tool
Chapter 14 : Oculometric Measures as an Index of Clinical Causes of Driver Drowsiness and Inattention

Part VI : Distraction - Effects on Driving Performance
Chapter 15 : Driving Whilst Using In-Vehicle Information Systems (IVIS) : Benchmarking the Impairment to Alcohol
Chapter 16 : Visual Attention in Novice Drivers : A Lack of Situation Awareness
Chapter 17 : Impact of Mobile Phose Use on Driving Performance : Review of Experimental Literature

Part VII : Distraction Countermeasures
Chapter 18 : Melbourne Drivers Observed Use of Mobile Phones : Could there be Unintended Consequences of Partial Bans?
Chapter 19 : The Driver Distraction Detection Algorithm Attend
Chapter 20 : Management of Distraction Risk from Mobile Phones in the UK Rail Industry
Chapter 21 : Smart Driving Assistance Systems : Designing and Evaluating Ecological and Conventional Displays
Chapter 22 : Using Road Safety Evidence and "Safety in Design" Approaches to Regulate Driver Distraction from Roadside Advertising
Chapter 23 : The Impact of Sleepiness on Lane Positioning the Truck Driving

Part VIII : Conclusions
Chapter 24 : Distraction and Inattention : Current Themes and Research Directions

Index