ASM Handbook Volume 13C : Corrosion : Environments and Industries

Corrosion affects a significant portion of the world economy--the direct cost of corrosion has been estimated to be 2% of the Gross World Product. Corrosion: Environments and Industries addresses how corrosion impacts specific segments of the world economy--by environment and by industrial sector.

This Volume provides you with answers to corrosion problems affecting your industry, and provides ways to address corrosion issues in the environments that your equipment experiences.

Over 250 leading authorities in the field of corrosion have written or reviewed articles in this Volume. This Volume completes the three-volume update of the landmark 1987 Metals Handbook volume on corrosion. The companion works are ASM Handbook, Volume 13A, Corrosion: Fundamentals, Testing, and Protection, and ASM Handbook, Volume 13B, Corrosion: Materials. These three volumes together provide a powerful resource for understanding corrosion and lessening the direct and indirect cost of corrosion.

The Volume consists of two main sections: “Corrosion in Specific Environments” and “Corrosion in Specific Industries”

“Corrosion in Specific Environments” addresses a broad range of industrial and nonindustrial environments. Expanded coverage is provided on fresh water (including high-purity water systems), marine environments, underground environments, and the considerations in military environments. This section also has new articles on environments that range from cold climates to the environments that can degrade works of art in museums and collections.

“Corrosion in Specific Industries” includes fossil fuel and nuclear power; land and air transportation, petrochemical; pulp and paper; microelectronics; and many more. Expanded coverage is provided for biomedical applications. This section will be of interest whether or not you are engaged in these specific industries. The lessons learned in these industries with regard to material selection and preventive measures have wide applications.

Foreword
Policy on Units of Measure
Preface
Authors and Contributors
Reviewers

Section 1 : Corrosion in Specific Environments
Introduction to Corrosion in Specific Environments
Corrosion in Fresh Water Environments
Corrosion in Potable Water Distribution and Building Systems
Corrosion in Service Water Distribution Systems
Rouging of Stainless Steel in High-Purity Water
Corrosion in Wastewater Systems
Corrosion in Marine Environments
Corrosion in Seawater
Corrosion in Marine Atmospheres
Corrosion of Metallic Coatings
Performance of Organic Coatings
Marine Cathodic Protection
Corrosion in Underground Environments
External Corrosion Direct Assessment Integrated with Integrity Management
Close-Interval Survey Techniques
Corrosion of Storage Tanks
Well Casing External Corrosion and Cathodic Protection
Stray Currents in Underground Corrosion
Corrosion Rate Probes for Soil Environments
Cathodic Protection of Pipe-Type Power Transmission Cables
Corrosion in Military Environments
Corrosion in the Military
Military Specifications and Standards
Corrosion Control for Military Facilities
Ground Vehicle Corrosion
Armament Corrosion
High-Temperature Corrosion in Military Systems
Finishing Systems for Naval Aircraft
Military Coatings
U.S. Navy Aircraft Corrosion
Military Aircraft Corrosion Fatigue
Corrosion of Electronic Equipment in Military Environments
Microbiologically Influenced Corrosion in Military Environments
Service Life and Aging of Military Equipment
Corrosion in Specialized Environments
Corrosion in Supercritical Water-Waste Destruction Environments
Corrosion in Supercritical Water-Ultrasupercritical Environments for Power Production
Corrosion in Cold Climates
Corrosion in Emissions Control Equipment
Corrosion in Recreational Environments
Corrosion in Workboats and Recreational Boats
Corrosion of Metal Artifacts and Works of Art in Museum and Collection Environments
Corrosion of Metal Artifacts Displayed in Outdoor Environments
Corrosion of Metal Artifacts in Buried Environments
Chemical Cleaning and Cleaning-Related Corrosion of Process Equipment

Section 2 : Corrosion in Specific Industries
Introduction to Corrosion in Specific Industries
Corrosion in The Nuclear Power Industry
Introduction to Corrosion in the Nuclear Power Industry
Corrosion in Boiling Water Reactors
Corrosion in Pressurized Water Reactors
Effect of Irradiation on Stress-Corrosion Cracking and Corrosion in Light Water Reactors
Corrosion of Zirconium Alloy Components in Light Water Reactors
Corrosion of Containment Materials for Radioactive-Waste Isolation
Corrosion in Fossil and Alternative Fuel Industries
Introduction to Corrosion in Fossil and Alternative Fuel Industries
High-Temperature Corrosion in Gasifiers
Corrosion in The Condensate-Feedwater System
Corrosion of Flue Gas Desulfurization Systems
Corrosion of Steam- and Water-Side of Boilers
Corrosion of Steam Turbines
Fireside Corrosion in Coal- and Oil-Fired Boilers
High-Temperature Corrosion in Waste-to-Energy Boilers
Corrosion of Industrial Gas Turbines
Components Susceptible to Dew-Point Corrosion
Corrosion of Generators
Corrosion and Erosion of Ash-Handling Systems
Corrosion in Portable Energy Sources
Corrosion in Fuel Cells
Corrosion in The Land Transportation Industries
Automotive Body Corrosion
Automotive Exhaust System Corrosion
Engine Coolants and Coolant System Corrosion
Automotive Proving Ground Corrosion Testing
Corrosion of Aluminum Components in The Automotive Industry
Electric Rail Corrosion and Corrosion Control
Corrosion in Bridges and Highways
Corrosion in The Air Transportation Industry
Corrosion in Commercial Aviation
Corrosion in The Microelectronics Industry
Corrosion in Microelectronics
Corrosion in Semiconductor Wafer Fabrication
Corrosion in The Assembly of Semiconductor Integrated Circuits
Corrosion in Passive Electrical Components
Corrosion and Related Phenomena in Portable Electronic Assemblies
Corrosion in The Chemical Processing Industry
Effects of Process and Environmental Variables
Corrosion under Insulation
Corrosion by Sulfuric Acid
Corrosion by Nitric Acid
Corrosion by Organic Acids
Corrosion by Hydrogen Chloride and Hydrochloric Acid
Corrosion by Hydrogen Fluoride and Hydrofluoric Acid
Corrosion by Chlorine
Corrosion by Alkalis
Corrosion by Ammonia
Corrosion by Phosphoric Acid
Corrosion by Mixed Acids and Salts
Corrosion by Organic Solvents
Corrosion by High-Temperature Environments
Corrosion in The Pulp and Paper Industry
Corrosion in The Pulp and Paper Industry
Corrosion in The Food and Beverage Industries
Corrosion in The Food and Beverage Industries
Corrosion in The Pharmaceutical and Medical Technology Industries
Material Issues in The Pharmaceutical Industry
Corrosion in The Pharmaceutical Industry
Corrosion Effects on The Biocompatibility of Metallic Materials and Implants
Mechanically Assisted Corrosion of Metallic Biomaterials
Corrosion Performance of Stainless Steels, Cobalt, and Titanium Alloys in Biomedical Applications
Corrosion Fatigue and Stress-Corrosion Cracking in Metallic Biomaterials
Corrosion and Tarnish of Dental Alloys
Corrosion in The Petroleum and Petrochemical Industry
Corrosion in Petroleum Production Operations
Corrosion in Petroleum Refining and Petrochemical Operations
External Corrosion of Oil and Natural Gas Pipelines
Natural Gas Internal Pipeline Corrosion
Inspection, Data Collection, and Management
Corrosion in The Building Industries
Corrosion of Structures
Corrosion in The Mining and Metal Processing Industries
Corrosion of Metal Processing Equipment
Corrosion in The Mining and Mineral Industry

Section 3 : Gallery of Corrosion Damage
Selected Color Images

Section 4 : Reference Information
Corrosion Rate Conversion
Metric Conversion Guide
Abbreviations and Symbols
Index